Environmental Impact Statement (EIS): What is it? Why is it necessary? And how do I submit it?

A Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process that is required for certain types of development projects that are likely to have a significant impact on the environment. The purpose of an EIA is to identify, predict and evaluate the potential environmental effects of a proposed development and to identify measures to mitigate or avoid any negative impacts.

What is an Environmental Impact Assessment?

The EIA process in the UK is often carried out in parallel with the planning application process, and the results of the EIA are considered as part of the decision-making process for the planning application. It's worth noting that not all development projects require an EIA, but if the project is likely to have a significant effect on the environment, the local planning authority will require it.

During the EIA process, a developer or applicant must submit an Environmental Statement Report (ECR) or Environmental Statement Statement Statement (ECS) that sets out the likely environmental effects of the proposed development, as well as any mitigation measures that will be put in place.

The local planning authority will then assess the ECR or ECS and take it into account when deciding whether or not to grant planning permission for the development. The EIA process in the UK is regulated by the Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations 2017, which implements the EU EIA Directive 2011/92/EU in UK law.

Whether or not an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is required for a residential planning permission application will depend on the specific characteristics of the proposed development and the local context.

Different Kind of Assessments:

There are certain types of residential developments that are considered to be "EIA development" and automatically trigger the need for an EIA. These include:

• Developments of 50 or more dwellings houses
• Developments of more than 1,000 square metres of gross floor space, which are not in a "sensitive area" and not residential
• Developments that involve the construction of a building or structure that is more than 15 metres in height

However, even if a development doesn't meet these criteria, an EIA may still be required if the local planning authority determines that the development is likely to have a significant effect on the environment, such as an impact on protected species, habitats, or natural resources.

It's a good idea to check with your local planning authority at the earliest stage of your project. They will be able to advise you on whether an EIA is required for your specific proposal and provide guidance on the process. Additionally, professional help from an architect, planner or surveyor will help you navigate the process and ensure that you have all the necessary information to make a planning permission application.

How to Complete an EIS

The process for submitting an EIA will vary depending on the local planning authority, but most will accept electronic submissions and allow you to submit your application and EIA documentation online through their website.

To complete an EIA online, you will typically need to:

1. Check the specific requirements of your local planning authority: 

Each local planning authority may have their own specific requirements for the format and content of an EIA, so it's important to check with them to ensure that your submission meets their requirements.

2. Gather all the necessary information and documentation: 

This may include information on the proposed development, such as plans and drawings, as well as data on the potential environmental impacts of the development, such as information on air and water quality, biodiversity, and cultural resources.

3. Complete the EIA report: 

This report should include a detailed description of the proposed development, as well as an assessment of the potential environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures.

4. Submit the EIA report and other required documentation:

The application and EIA report should be submitted online through the local planning authority's website, along with any other required documentation, such as payment of application fees.

5. Wait for feedback and decision: 

After you submit your application the local planning authority will review it and may request additional information or clarification. Once they have all the necessary information, they will make a decision on whether to approve or deny the planning permission, taking into account the EIA report.

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It's important to keep in mind that the process of completing an EIA can be complex and time-consuming, and it's advisable to seek professional help from architects, surveyors or planning consultants if you are unsure about the process or the requirements.

Learn more about the different surveys and assessments there are in the UK and which you might require for your project, here.